Reported Suggestions: -자고 하다¶
Quick Reference
Pattern: Verb stem + -자고 하다/제안하다/말하다
- 가다 → 가자고 하다 (suggest to go)
- 먹다 → 먹자고 하다 (suggest to eat)
- Shortened forms: -재(요), -잰(요)
- Past tense: -자고 했다
- Negation: -지 말자고 하다
Detailed Explanation¶
Formation¶
The pattern -자고 하다 is used to report someone's suggestion or proposal. It derives from the propositive ending -자 ("let's") combined with the quotation marker 고.
Basic Structure:
| Base Form | Pattern | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 가다 | 가자고 하다 | suggest/propose to go |
| 만나다 | 만나자고 하다 | suggest to meet |
| 시작하다 | 시작하자고 하다 | suggest to start |
| 쉬다 | 쉬자고 하다 | suggest to rest |
Alternative Verbs:
- -자고 제안하다 (more formal - to propose)
- -자고 말하다 (to say/suggest)
- -자고 권하다 (to recommend)
Shortened Forms¶
In spoken Korean, -자고 하다 commonly shortens:
-재(요) (casual suggestion reporting): - 가자고 해 → 가재 - 먹자고 해요 → 먹재요 - 같이 하자고 해 → 같이 하재
-잰(요) (past tense shortened): - 가자고 했어 → 갔잖아 (different meaning) - Use: -자고 했는데 → -잰데
Negation¶
To report negative suggestions ("let's not..."):
Pattern: Verb stem + -지 말자고 하다
- 가지 말자고 하다 (suggest not to go)
- 먹지 말자고 했어요 (suggested not to eat)
- 이야기하지 말자고 제안했다 (proposed not to talk about it)
Usage Context¶
When to use:
- Reporting someone's proposal or suggestion
- Conveying invitations indirectly
- Discussing plans made by others
- Recounting group decision-making
Register: - Neutral formality - Common in both spoken and written Korean - Can be used in professional contexts
Examples¶
Direct vs. Reported:
-
Direct: 친구가 "영화 보러 가자!" Reported: 친구가 영화 보러 가자고 했어요. (My friend suggested we go see a movie.)
-
Direct: 선생님이 "내일 일찍 만나자." Reported: 선생님이 내일 일찍 만나자고 하셨어요. (The teacher suggested we meet early tomorrow.)
Practical Examples:
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동생이 저녁에 치킨을 먹자고 했어요. (My younger sibling suggested eating chicken for dinner.)
-
남편이 주말에 제주도에 가자고 제안했어요. (My husband proposed going to Jeju Island this weekend.)
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친구들이 다음 달에 등산하자고 해요. (My friends are suggesting we go hiking next month.)
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부장님이 회의를 내일로 미루자고 하셨어요. (The department head suggested postponing the meeting to tomorrow.)
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엄마가 오늘은 외식하자고 하셨어요. (Mom suggested eating out today.)
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아이들이 공원에서 놀자고 했어요. (The kids suggested playing at the park.)
Negative Suggestions:
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친구가 그 사람한테 이야기하지 말자고 했어요. (My friend suggested not telling that person.)
-
의사가 당분간 운동하지 말자고 했어요. (The doctor suggested not exercising for the time being.)
Shortened Forms:
-
나중에 보재. (= 보자고 해) (They're saying let's see each other later.)
-
같이 공부하재요. (= 하자고 해요) (They're suggesting we study together.)
Past Context:
-
어제 오빠가 영화 보러 가자고 했는데 못 갔어요. (Yesterday my older brother suggested going to see a movie, but we couldn't go.)
-
작년에 이사하자고 했을 때 반대했어요. (When they suggested moving last year, I was against it.)
Practice¶
Translate the following into Korean using -자고 하다 or its variations:
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My colleague suggested having lunch together tomorrow.
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The kids suggested going to the amusement park this weekend.
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My friend proposed studying Korean together every day.
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Mom suggested not buying expensive clothes.
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The teacher suggested starting class 10 minutes early.
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My roommate suggested cleaning the house today. (Use shortened form -재)
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They suggested meeting at the subway station at 3 o'clock.
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My older sister suggested not watching that movie.
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The boss proposed finishing the project by next week.
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My boyfriend suggested taking a trip during the holidays.