Result¶
Quick Reference
| Pattern | Meaning | Formation | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| -게 되다 | Come to, end up | Stem + 게 되다 | 알게 되다 (come to know) |
| Gradual change/result | 한국어를 잘하게 됐어요 | ||
| (often unintentional) | |||
| -아/어지다 | Become (change) | 아/어 + 지다 | 좋아지다 (become better) |
| State/quality change | 날씨가 추워졌어요 | ||
| (natural change) |
Key Difference: -게 되다 = gradual result/process; -아/어지다 = direct change in state
Detailed Explanation¶
Both patterns express changes and results, but they focus on different aspects of the change process.
-게 되다 (Come To, End Up)¶
Formation: Verb/Adjective stem + 게 되다
- 알다 → 알게 되다 (come to know)
- 먹다 → 먹게 되다 (come to eat)
- 좋다 → 좋게 되다 (become good)
Key Features:
- Process emphasized: Shows how something came about
- Gradual change: Change happened over time
- External factors: Often implies circumstances led to the result
- Less direct control: Not entirely by choice
- Can be intentional or unintentional
Common Uses:
- Learning/acquiring abilities
- Circumstantial changes
- Life transitions
- Realizations and understanding
Tense Conjugations:
- Present: -게 돼요 (will come to)
- Past: -게 됐어요 (came to)
- Future: -게 될 거예요 (will come to)
-아/어지다 (Become, Get)¶
Formation: Attach 아/어 (based on vowel harmony) + 지다
- 좋다 → 좋아지다 (become good/better)
- 나쁘다 → 나빠지다 (become bad/worse)
- 크다 → 커지다 (become big/bigger)
- 작다 → 작아지다 (become small/smaller)
Key Features:
- State change focus: Emphasizes the new state
- Natural progression: Change happens naturally
- Observable change: Can see or feel the difference
- Mostly adjectives: Primarily used with adjectives
- Some verbs allowed: 잊다 → 잊어지다 (be forgotten)
Common Pattern:
More/less + adjective-아/어지다
- 더 좋아지다 (get better)
- 덜 추워지다 (get less cold)
Tense Conjugations:
- Present: -아/어져요 (becomes)
- Past: -아/어졌어요 (became)
- Future: -아/어질 거예요 (will become)
Formation Steps¶
For -게 되다:
- Take the verb/adjective stem
- Add -게
- Add conjugated form of 되다
- Conjugate 되다 for tense
For -아/어지다:
- Take the adjective stem (or specific verbs)
- Apply vowel harmony: 아 or 어
- Add -지다
- Conjugate -지다 for tense
Examples¶
-게 되다 (Gradual Result/Process):
- 한국어를 잘하게 됐어요 (I came to speak Korean well)
- 그 사람을 알게 됐어요 (I came to know that person)
- 한국 음식을 좋아하게 됐어요 (I came to like Korean food)
- 매일 운동하게 됐어요 (I ended up exercising every day)
- 진실을 알게 될 거예요 (You'll come to know the truth)
- 그 영화를 보게 됐어요 (I ended up watching that movie)
- 이해하게 됐어요 (I came to understand)
- 일찍 일어나게 됐어요 (I came to wake up early)
-아/어지다 (Change in State):
- 날씨가 추워졌어요 (The weather became cold)
- 한국어가 쉬워졌어요 (Korean became easier)
- 길이 복잡해졌어요 (The road became complicated)
- 유명해졌어요 (became famous)
- 건강해졌어요 (became healthy)
- 조용해졌어요 (became quiet)
- 예뻐졌어요 (became pretty)
- 많아졌어요 (became more/many)
Comparing Both:
Similar situations, different nuances:
- 한국어를 잘하게 됐어요 (I came to be good at Korean - through experience/time)
- 한국어가 잘해졌어요 (My Korean got better - observable improvement)
With Time Expressions:
- 시간이 지나면서 익숙해졌어요 (It became familiar as time passed)
- 3년 동안 한국어를 잘하게 됐어요 (Over 3 years, I came to speak Korean well)
- 요즘 날씨가 따뜻해졌어요 (The weather has gotten warm lately)
Complex Examples:
- 한국에 살게 되면서 김치를 좋아하게 됐어요 (While living in Korea, I came to like kimchi)
- 공부하다 보니 쉬워지게 됐어요 (As I studied, it came to be easier)
- 연습을 많이 해서 실력이 좋아졌어요 (Because I practiced a lot, my skills got better)
- 나이가 들면서 건강의 중요성을 알게 됐어요 (As I got older, I came to know the importance of health)
Special Cases¶
Passive-like with -아/어지다:
- 문이 열어졌어요 (The door opened/became opened)
- 문제가 해결됐어요 (The problem was solved)
- 이름이 잊어졌어요 (The name was forgotten)
Can't always interchange:
❌ 키가 크게 됐어요 (Wrong) ✅ 키가 커졌어요 (I grew taller)
❌ 알아지다 (Doesn't exist) ✅ 알게 되다 (come to know)
Common Expressions¶
With -게 되다:
- 만나게 되다 (come to meet)
- 생각하게 되다 (come to think)
- 느끼게 되다 (come to feel)
- 깨닫게 되다 (come to realize)
With -아/어지다:
- 좋아지다 (get better)
- 나빠지다 (get worse)
- 많아지다 (increase)
- 적어지다 (decrease)
- 길어지다 (get longer)
- 짧아지다 (get shorter)
Practice¶
-
(알다) 한국 문화를 _____ 됐어요.
-
(춥다) 날씨가 _____어요.
-
(좋아하다) 김치를 _____ 됐어요.
-
(쉽다) 한국어가 _____어요.
-
Translate: "I came to understand Korean grammar."
-
(많다) 학생들이 _____어요.
-
(생각하다) 건강이 중요하다고 _____ 됐어요.
-
(조용하다) 방이 _____어요.
-
Translate: "The problem became difficult."
-
(만나다) 좋은 친구들을 _____ 됐어요.