까지)¶

Quick Reference

부터: from, since (starting point)
까지: to, until, by (ending point)
Used for both time and place
Often used together: 부터 ~ 까지 (from ~ to)
Can be used separately: just starting point or just ending point
For places: 에서 (from location) can also be used, but 부터 focuses on sequence

Detailed Explanation¶

부터 (From/Since - Starting Point)¶

Indicates the starting point of time or sequence.

Formation: - Noun + 부터 - No 받침 distinction

Usage - Time: - Starting time of an action - "From [time]" or "Since [time]" - Focuses on when something begins

Usage - Place/Order: - Starting point in a sequence - "Starting from [place/person]" - Less common than time usage

Examples:

Time:
9시부터 (from 9 o'clock)
월요일부터 (from Monday)
어제부터 (since yesterday)
지금부터 (from now)

Place/Order:
여기부터 (starting from here)
첫 번째 사람부터 (starting from the first person)

까지 (To/Until/By - Ending Point)¶

Indicates the ending point of time, place, or extent.

Formation: - Noun + 까지 - No 받침 distinction

Usage - Time: - Ending time or deadline - "Until [time]" or "By [time]" - Includes the endpoint

Usage - Place: - Destination or range limit - "To [place]" or "As far as [place]"

Usage - Extent: - "Even [unexpected item]" - Similar to 도 but emphasizes reaching a limit

Examples:

Time:
5시까지 (until/by 5 o'clock)
금요일까지 (until/by Friday)
내일까지 (by tomorrow)

Place:
서울까지 (to Seoul)
집까지 (to home)
여기까지 (to here, this far)

Extent:
아이까지 (even children)
그것까지 (even that)

부터 ~ 까지 (From ~ To)¶

Often used together to indicate a complete range.

Time ranges:

9시부터 5시까지 (from 9 to 5)
월요일부터 금요일까지 (from Monday to Friday)
아침부터 저녁까지 (from morning to evening)

Place ranges:

서울부터 부산까지 (from Seoul to Busan)
집부터 학교까지 (from home to school)

Age/Number ranges:

1부터 10까지 (from 1 to 10)
20살부터 30살까지 (from 20 to 30 years old)

Using 부터 or 까지 Alone¶

Only starting point (부터): - 내일부터 운동할 거예요. (I'll exercise starting from tomorrow.) - 1번부터 시작하세요. (Start from number 1.)

Only ending point (까지): - 5시까지 오세요. (Come by 5 o'clock.) - 서울까지 가요. (I'm going to Seoul.) - 어제까지 비가 왔어요. (It rained until yesterday.)

부터 vs 에서 (Starting Point)¶

For places, 에서 can mean "from," but the nuance differs:

부터: - Emphasizes sequence or order - Starting point in a series - Less common for physical departure

에서: - Physical starting location - "From [place]" indicating origin - More common for physical movement

Comparison:

집에서 학교까지 걸어요. (I walk from home to school.) - physical route
여기부터 저기까지 (from here to there) - range/distance

When to Use¶

부터: - Indicating when an action begins - Starting point in time - First in a sequence - "Since when" questions (언제부터)

까지: - Indicating when an action ends - Deadlines ("by when") - Destinations or distance limits - Expressing extent ("even")

Examples¶

Time expressions: - 몇 시부터 몇 시까지 일해요? (From what time to what time do you work?) - 9시부터 6시까지 일해요. (I work from 9 to 6.) - 언제부터 한국어를 공부했어요? (Since when have you studied Korean?) - 작년부터 공부했어요. (I've studied since last year.) - 이 보고서를 언제까지 내야 해요? (By when do I need to submit this report?) - 금요일까지 내세요. (Submit it by Friday.)

Place expressions: - 집부터 회사까지 얼마나 걸려요? (How long does it take from home to work?) - 한 시간쯤 걸려요. (It takes about one hour.) - 서울까지 기차로 가요. (I go to Seoul by train.) - 여기까지 어떻게 왔어요? (How did you get here?)

Extent/Inclusion: - 할머니까지 춤을 췄어요. (Even grandmother danced.) - 이것까지 다 먹었어요. (I ate everything up to this.)

Dialogue:

A: 내일 몇 시부터 수업이 있어요?
B: 10시부터 시작해요.
A: 몇 시까지예요?
B: 12시까지예요. 두 시간 수업이에요.
A: 점심은 몇 시부터 먹어요?
B: 12시부터 1시까지 점심시간이에요.

A: From what time is class tomorrow?
B: It starts at 10.
A: Until what time?
B: Until 12. It's a two-hour class.
A: From what time is lunch?
B: Lunch time is from 12 to 1.

Schedule description:

저는 월요일부터 금요일까지 일해요.
아침 9시부터 저녁 6시까지 회사에 있어요.
토요일하고 일요일은 쉬어요.

I work from Monday to Friday.
I'm at the office from 9 AM to 6 PM.
I rest on Saturday and Sunday.

Practice¶

Complete: 저는 __ 9시 _ 5시 ___ 일해요. (I work from 9 to 5.)
Translate: Since when have you lived in Korea?
Complete: 이 숙제를 금요일 ______ 내세요. (Submit this homework by Friday.)
Complete: 월요일 ______ 운동할 거예요. (I'll exercise starting from Monday.)
What's the difference between 집에서 학교까지 and 집부터 학교까지?
Complete: 1 __ 10 ____ 세세요. (Count from 1 to 10.)
Translate: How long does it take from here to Busan? [use 여기, 부산, 까지]
Complete: 작년 ______ 한국어를 공부했어요. (I've studied Korean since last year.)
Create a sentence about your work or school schedule using 부터 and 까지.
Complete: 아침 __ 저녁 ____ 비가 왔어요. (It rained from morning to evening.)

Show Answers

1. 9시부터 5시까지 Note: The full sentence would be: 저는 9시부터 5시까지 일해요. 2. 언제부터 한국에서 살았어요? Alternative: 한국에 언제부터 살았어요? 3. 까지 4. 부터 5. - 집에서 학교까지: Emphasizes the physical route from home to school (more common, natural) - 집부터 학교까지: Emphasizes the range/distance from home to school (less common for physical movement, more for ranges) Both can be correct, but 에서 is more natural for physical locations. 6. 부터, 까지 7. 여기부터 부산까지 얼마나 걸려요? More natural: 여기서 부산까지 얼마나 걸려요? 8. 부터 9. Example answers: - 저는 월요일부터 금요일까지 학교에 가요. (I go to school from Monday to Friday.) - 오전 8시부터 오후 4시까지 수업이 있어요. (I have classes from 8 AM to 4 PM.) - 아침 9시부터 점심 12시까지 일해요. (I work from 9 AM to 12 PM.) 10. 부터, 까지