Also/Too (도)¶
Quick Reference
- 도: also, too, even
- Replaces subject (이/가) and object (을/를) particles
- Can combine with other location/direction particles (에도, 한테도, 에서도)
- Position matters: attach to the noun you want to emphasize
- Can express "even" when used with unexpected items
Detailed Explanation¶
Basic Usage¶
The particle 도 indicates inclusion, similarity, or addition. It means "also," "too," or "even."
Formation: - Noun + 도 - No 받침 distinction (same form for all nouns)
Replaces particles: - 이/가 (subject) → 도 - 을/를 (object) → 도
Examples:
저는 학생이에요. 친구도 학생이에요.
(I'm a student. My friend is also a student.)
커피를 마셔요. 차도 마셔요.
(I drink coffee. I also drink tea.)
Particle Replacement Rules¶
도 replaces 이/가 and 을/를:
❌ 저는도 학생이에요. (Wrong) ✓ 저도 학생이에요. (Correct)
❌ 커피를도 마셔요. (Wrong) ✓ 커피도 마셔요. (Correct)
도 combines with other particles:
✓ 한국에도 가요. (I also go to Korea.) ✓ 친구한테도 말했어요. (I also told my friend.) ✓ 학교에서도 공부해요. (I also study at school.)
Position and Emphasis¶
The position of 도 determines what is being emphasized as "also."
Compare:
저도 한국어를 공부해요.
(I also study Korean [like others].)
저는 한국어도 공부해요.
(I study Korean too [in addition to other subjects].)
More examples:
어제도 비가 왔어요. (It rained yesterday too.)
어제는 비도 왔어요. (Yesterday, rain also came [plus other weather].)
Meaning "Even"¶
When used with unexpected or extreme examples, 도 can mean "even."
Examples: - 아이도 이 문제를 풀 수 있어요. (Even a child can solve this problem.) - 일요일에도 일해요. (I work even on Sundays.) - 물도 없어요. (There isn't even water.) - 한 번도 안 갔어요. (I haven't gone even once.)
When to Use¶
Use 도 when: - Adding similar information - Indicating that something/someone is included - Expressing "even" to emphasize unexpectedness - Showing agreement or similarity - Listing multiple items that share a characteristic
Examples¶
Basic addition: - A: 저는 영어를 공부해요. (I study English.) - B: 저도 영어를 공부해요. (I also study English.)
Multiple subjects: - 오빠도 학생이고 동생도 학생이에요. (My older brother is also a student, and my younger sibling is also a student.)
Multiple objects: - 사과도 좋아하고 바나나도 좋아해요. (I like apples and I also like bananas.)
With locations: - 서울에도 갔어요. 부산에도 갔어요. (I went to Seoul. I also went to Busan.)
Meaning "even": - 주말에도 숙제가 있어요. (There's homework even on weekends.) - 한국어는 발음도 어려워요. (In Korean, even the pronunciation is difficult.)
Negative sentences: - 저도 몰라요. (I don't know either.) - 어제도 안 왔어요. (He didn't come yesterday either.)
Dialogue:
A: 커피 마실래요?
B: 네, 좋아요. 빵도 있어요?
A: 네, 케이크도 있어요.
B: 좋아요! 저는 케이크도 좋아해요.
A: Do you want to drink coffee?
B: Yes, sounds good. Do you also have bread?
A: Yes, we also have cake.
B: Great! I like cake too.
Time expressions:
월요일에도 수업이 있어요. (There's class on Monday too.)
오늘도 늦었어요. (I'm late today too.)
지난주에도 비가 왔어요. (It rained last week too.)
Practice¶
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Complete: 저는 학생이에요. 제 친구 ______ 학생이에요. (My friend is also a student.)
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Fix the error: 저는도 한국어를 공부해요.
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Translate: I like kimchi too.
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Complete: 서울 ______ 갔어요. (I also went to Seoul.) [에]
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Which is correct for "I also ate rice"? (a) 저는 밥을도 먹었어요 (b) 저는 밥도 먹었어요
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Complete: 주말 ______ 일해요? (Do you work even on weekends?)
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Translate: He didn't come yesterday either.
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Complete: A: 사과 있어요? B: 네, 바나나 ______ 있어요. (Yes, we also have bananas.)
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Create a sentence using 도 to show that you do something "even" in an unexpected situation.
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Create a dialogue where two people discover they have the same hobby using 도.